Introduction
High jump is a fundamental event in track and field that challenges athletes to clear a horizontal bar using various techniques. Over time, advancements in technology and biomechanics have significantly influenced performance and technique.
In this free lesson plan, students will explore the evolution of high jump techniques, conduct a performance analysis, and apply biomechanics principles to enhance their understanding of the sport. This unit was previously exclusive to members, but we are now making it available to all educators and students!
📄 Learning Objectives
- Analyze changes in high jump performance over time.
- Compare and evaluate different high jump techniques.
- Conduct a video analysis of high jump techniques.
- Understand the biomechanics behind effective high jumping.
✅ Changes in High Jump Performance
Over the years, high jump records have continued to improve due to advancements in:
1. Technology
- Landing Mats: Transition from sand pits to foam landing pads allowed athletes to experiment with safer, more effective jumping techniques.
- Footwear: Specialized track shoes enhance grip and stability.
- Track Surfaces: Modern surfaces provide better take-off conditions.
2. Biomechanics & Technique Evolution
- Athletes now leverage physics and biomechanics for optimal jump height.
- The Fosbury Flop revolutionized high jump by allowing a lower center of gravity and improved clearance efficiency.
3. Rule Adjustments
- Adjustments in technique have influenced regulations and judging standards in international competitions.
🔍 High Jump Techniques & Evolution
A variety of high jump techniques have been used over time. Each technique has its benefits and drawbacks:
| Technique | Description | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scissors | Early technique where the jumper keeps an upright posture. | Easy to learn | Limited height potential |
| Western Roll | Jumper leads with one leg, rolling over the bar. | More efficient than Scissors | Harder landing |
| Straddle | Body passes parallel to the bar, requiring flexibility. | Higher clearance potential | Requires great control & technique |
| Fosbury Flop | The modern standard; jumper clears the bar backward. | Most effective method | Requires precise execution & power |
🏋️ Practical Activity: Try Different High Jump Techniques
Students will attempt each technique and reflect on their performance:
- Which technique felt the most natural?
- Which one allowed for the highest jump?
- How does the center of gravity impact jump height?
Encourage students to conduct peer observations and provide feedback.
📊 Biomechanical Analysis: Improving Performance
A biomechanical approach to high jump helps students break down movements for maximum efficiency.
Key Phases of the Fosbury Flop:
- Approach: A curved 5-stride run-up to build speed.
- Take-Off: Foot placement and explosive upward drive.
- Flight: Arched back and knee snap for bar clearance.
- Landing: Controlled upper back and shoulder touchdown.
Video Analysis Activity
Using a video delay app, students can record and review their jumps:
- Observe their approach, take-off, and landing.
- Compare their form against optimal biomechanical principles.
- Identify key areas for improvement.
Suggested Apps for Video Analysis:
- Video Delay Instant Replay (iPhone/iPad & Android)
- Replay It (Chrome Browser)
📄 Download the Full High Jump Unit (Free PDF)
Want the full lesson plan with additional activities, discussion questions, and assessments?
👉 Download the High Jump Unit PDF
(This structured resource was previously members-only but is now free for all PE educators!)
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